TELEVISION
TECHNOLOGY: HISTORY AND ITS DEVELOPMENT
INTRODUCTION
Television was first developed using a
combination of optical, mechanical, and electronic technology to record,
display and broadcast visual images. Technology like this began in the 1920s
and is used today. The first image that was sent electronically was via a
simple mechanical fax machine developed in the late 19th century. The concept
of sending a motion picture itself was founded in 1878 called the
telephotooscope which is a combination of telephone and motion pictures.
Initially electromechanical television used Nipkow discs which rotated with a
series of holes arranged in a spiral to the center of the disc. This system was
introduced by Paul Gottlieb Nipkow in 1884, a 23-year-old student from Germany.
In the 1920s, a Scottish inventor named John
Logie Bird managed to show how to transmit moving shadow images, followed by
monochrome images in 1926. The Baird scanning disc produced a 30-row resolution
image of a double spiral lens. Baird's demonstration was recognized as the
first television, even though mechanical television was no longer used. In
addition, Baird also discovered the world's first video recording system,
Phonovision. It was only in the 1930s, for the first time the Berlin Olympics
were broadcast live to television stations in Berlin and Leipzig where the
general public had been able to watch each race through a television screen.
Television went on sale in general from 1928
to 1934 in Britain, the United States and Russia. This is the era where
television was sold to the market in bulk for the first time. The progress of
telnology makes television widely used by the public. Since the 1970s the
emergence of video tapes, laser discs, DVDs, and Blue-Ray discs made television
as an electronic device popular among the public. Even in recent years,
television has received other functionalities such as watching streaming shows
and playing games. This is thanks to the existence of operating system support
and an internet connection feature that turns it into a smart television.
Television History
and Its Development
Television itself is a telecommunications
media that serves to receive broadcast images, both black and white and with
full color. Nevertheless, certainly not many know the early history of the
television. To add to your friends' insights, all of the following we review a
little about history to the development of television
The early history of the development of
television, certainly can not be separated from the discovery of the legal
basis of electromagnetic waves discovered by Joseph Henry and Michael Farraday
(1831) which is the beginning of the era of electronic communication. In 1840,
Peter Goldmark created color television with a resolution of 343 lines. In
1876, George Carey created the Selenium Camera which was described as making
someone see an electric wave. Later, Eugen Goldstein called the beam wave shot
in a hollow tube called a cathode ray.
In 1881, the engineers introduced the
concept of Teleponskop, which was a joint concept of telephone and moving
images. In 1884, Paul Nikow, a German scientist, succeeded in sending
electronic images using metal pieces called Electric Telescopes with a
resolution of 18 lines. In 1888, Freidrich Reinitzeer, an Austrian botanist,
discovered liquid crystals, which later became the raw material for making
LCDs. In 1897, the first Cathode Ray Tube (CTR) was created by German scientist
Karl Ferdinand Braun. In 1897, Kodak patented the OLED findings as the first
display equipment. Then in 1900 the term Television was first put forward by Constatin
Perskyl from Russia at the first International Congress of Electricity at the
World Technology Exhibition in Paris.
In 1923, Vladimir Kosma Zworykin, registered
a patent in his name for his invention, kinescope, the world's first tube
television.
In 1925, the history of television
development reached a new stage when Scottish John Logie Baird showed
television to the public for the first time, so he was better known as the
inventor of television than Vladimir Kozma Zworykin. In 1927, Philo T.
Farnsworth, a scientist from Utah, the United States developed the first modern
television when he was 21 years old. The idea of an image dissector tube
became the basis of television work. 1929 - Russian Vladimir Zworykin perfects
the cathode tube called kinescope. His findings developed the technology
possessed by CRT.
In 1939, on May 11, for the first time, a
television transmitter was operated in the city of Berlin, Germany. Thus, the
world began to become acquainted with visual communication tools. The
development of television was very rapid. The technology used on television
today is very different from television when it was first discovered, although
it has the same basic method. The following is the development of television
from time to time.
Television in the
1940s
In 1940 - Peter Goldmark created color
television with a resolution reaching 343 lines after World War II ended in the
1940s, Television took over more attention than radio, because it featured
sound that was accompanied by images.
Television in the
1950s
At
the end of 1950, most people had televisions, most of which still used
television in black and white even though at that time color television already
existed. 1958 - The first scientific paper on LCD as a display was presented by
Dr. Glenn Brown. 1964 - The prototype of single cell display Plasma Television
was first created by Donald Bitzer and Gene Slottow. This step was continued by
Larry Weber
Television in 1967s
In 1967 James Fergason invented the twisted
nematic technique, a more practical LCD screen. The more popular television was
that there were already many color TV broadcasts. 1968 - LCD screens are first
introduced by the RCA institution led by George Heilmeier.
Television in the
1970s
In the 1970s Television grew with the introduction
of VCR technology (Video Cassette Recorder). This technology makes it possible
to record television broadcasts for the first time. 1975 - Larry Weber from
Illinois University began designing a colored plasma screen.
Television in the
1980s
In 1979 - Scientists from the Kodak company
succeeded in creating the appearance of a new type of organic light emitting
diode (OLED). Since then, they have continued to develop OLED television types.
Meanwhile, Walter Spear and Peter Le Comber made LCD color displays of
lightweight thin film transfer materials. In the 1980s Cable television (TV
Cable) was increasingly popular and spread rapidly. 1981 - Japanese television
station, NHK, demonstrates HDTV technology with a resolution of 1,125 lines.
1987 - Kodak patents the OLED findings as the first display equipment
Television in the
1990s
There have been many television choices in
the 1990s that were very diverse. Television that uses CRT (Cathode-Ray Tubes)
technology to display images on the screen is the most common television. In
1996 there were 1 million televisions spread throughout the world. Then a Rear
Projection CRT TV allows the television to be made in a larger size by
combining the projector and screen into one box which the projector will then
project the image to the back of the screen.
In 1995 - After decades of research, Larry
Weber's plasma screen project finally finished. He succeeded in creating a more
stable and brilliant plasma screen. Larry Weber then conducted research with an
investment of 26 million US dollars from the Matsushita company.
Plasma television was first marketed in
1997. With its sleek form it made this television very popular at the time. TV
Rear-Projection LCoS are also available on the market. This TV sends direct light
through a series of polarizers (a type of filter light used to regulate light
waves to a single path for reflection) before being enlarged and projected onto
the screen. Although the image quality is very good, but the price of this type
of TV is very expensive. TC LCD also competed in the late 1990s. This type of
TV has better image quality than plasma TVs and is also more energy efficient.
In 1998, HDTV was launched. This type of TV can produce images and sounds that
are very clear. In 1999, the DVR (Digital Video Recorder) was launched for the
first time. DVR allows to record television broadcasts on the hard drive.
2000s
The first DLP HDTV-based LED TV was produced
in 2006. DLP technology uses mirrors made of aluminum to reflect light and
produce images. This TV is cheaper than a plasma TV or LCD TV. Then Plasma TVs
are available in HD (High Definition) quality.
In 2007, Apple launched Apple TV. This TV
can be connected with iTunes, television programs, movies, Youtube videos and
much more.
Then Microsoft inc. provides a choice of
Windows XP Media Center Edition which can be used to send videos, music and
photos from a computer to a TV.
Even TVs can also be entered into video
games, such as the Xbox 360. Using Netflix allows streaming of videos and
favorite TV shows from the Xbox 360.
The most recent now is TV with 3D
technology. 3D TV is becoming very popular now because besides being able to
produce images that are very clear, this type of TV can also display
3-dimensional images so that it looks as if the images produced are real and
right in front of the audience.
Such is the development of television from time
to time, along with the advancement of technology, television also followed it
with rapid development to keep up with consumer demand which is increasingly
high.
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