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Senin, 14 Januari 2019

TELEVISION TECHNOLOGY: HISTORY AND ITS DEVELOPMENT (English Version)


TELEVISION TECHNOLOGY: HISTORY AND ITS DEVELOPMENT

INTRODUCTION
Television was first developed using a combination of optical, mechanical, and electronic technology to record, display and broadcast visual images. Technology like this began in the 1920s and is used today. The first image that was sent electronically was via a simple mechanical fax machine developed in the late 19th century. The concept of sending a motion picture itself was founded in 1878 called the telephotooscope which is a combination of telephone and motion pictures. Initially electromechanical television used Nipkow discs which rotated with a series of holes arranged in a spiral to the center of the disc. This system was introduced by Paul Gottlieb Nipkow in 1884, a 23-year-old student from Germany.

In the 1920s, a Scottish inventor named John Logie Bird managed to show how to transmit moving shadow images, followed by monochrome images in 1926. The Baird scanning disc produced a 30-row resolution image of a double spiral lens. Baird's demonstration was recognized as the first television, even though mechanical television was no longer used. In addition, Baird also discovered the world's first video recording system, Phonovision. It was only in the 1930s, for the first time the Berlin Olympics were broadcast live to television stations in Berlin and Leipzig where the general public had been able to watch each race through a television screen.

Television went on sale in general from 1928 to 1934 in Britain, the United States and Russia. This is the era where television was sold to the market in bulk for the first time. The progress of telnology makes television widely used by the public. Since the 1970s the emergence of video tapes, laser discs, DVDs, and Blue-Ray discs made television as an electronic device popular among the public. Even in recent years, television has received other functionalities such as watching streaming shows and playing games. This is thanks to the existence of operating system support and an internet connection feature that turns it into a smart television.

Television History and Its Development
Television itself is a telecommunications media that serves to receive broadcast images, both black and white and with full color. Nevertheless, certainly not many know the early history of the television. To add to your friends' insights, all of the following we review a little about history to the development of television



The early history of the development of television, certainly can not be separated from the discovery of the legal basis of electromagnetic waves discovered by Joseph Henry and Michael Farraday (1831) which is the beginning of the era of electronic communication. In 1840, Peter Goldmark created color television with a resolution of 343 lines. In 1876, George Carey created the Selenium Camera which was described as making someone see an electric wave. Later, Eugen Goldstein called the beam wave shot in a hollow tube called a cathode ray.

In 1881, the engineers introduced the concept of Teleponskop, which was a joint concept of telephone and moving images. In 1884, Paul Nikow, a German scientist, succeeded in sending electronic images using metal pieces called Electric Telescopes with a resolution of 18 lines. In 1888, Freidrich Reinitzeer, an Austrian botanist, discovered liquid crystals, which later became the raw material for making LCDs. In 1897, the first Cathode Ray Tube (CTR) was created by German scientist Karl Ferdinand Braun. In 1897, Kodak patented the OLED findings as the first display equipment. Then in 1900 the term Television was first put forward by Constatin Perskyl from Russia at the first International Congress of Electricity at the World Technology Exhibition in Paris.





In 1923, Vladimir Kosma Zworykin, registered a patent in his name for his invention, kinescope, the world's first tube television.




In 1925, the history of television development reached a new stage when Scottish John Logie Baird showed television to the public for the first time, so he was better known as the inventor of television than Vladimir Kozma Zworykin. In 1927, Philo T. Farnsworth, a scientist from Utah, the United States developed the first modern television when he was 21 years old. The idea of ​​an image dissector tube became the basis of television work. 1929 - Russian Vladimir Zworykin perfects the cathode tube called kinescope. His findings developed the technology possessed by CRT.

In 1939, on May 11, for the first time, a television transmitter was operated in the city of Berlin, Germany. Thus, the world began to become acquainted with visual communication tools. The development of television was very rapid. The technology used on television today is very different from television when it was first discovered, although it has the same basic method. The following is the development of television from time to time.

Television in the 1940s
 
In 1940 - Peter Goldmark created color television with a resolution reaching 343 lines after World War II ended in the 1940s, Television took over more attention than radio, because it featured sound that was accompanied by images.

Television in the 1950s


  At the end of 1950, most people had televisions, most of which still used television in black and white even though at that time color television already existed. 1958 - The first scientific paper on LCD as a display was presented by Dr. Glenn Brown. 1964 - The prototype of single cell display Plasma Television was first created by Donald Bitzer and Gene Slottow. This step was continued by Larry Weber


Television in 1967s

 


In 1967 James Fergason invented the twisted nematic technique, a more practical LCD screen. The more popular television was that there were already many color TV broadcasts. 1968 - LCD screens are first introduced by the RCA institution led by George Heilmeier.
 
Television in the 1970s


 
In the 1970s Television grew with the introduction of VCR technology (Video Cassette Recorder). This technology makes it possible to record television broadcasts for the first time. 1975 - Larry Weber from Illinois University began designing a colored plasma screen.

Television in the 1980s



In 1979 - Scientists from the Kodak company succeeded in creating the appearance of a new type of organic light emitting diode (OLED). Since then, they have continued to develop OLED television types. Meanwhile, Walter Spear and Peter Le Comber made LCD color displays of lightweight thin film transfer materials. In the 1980s Cable television (TV Cable) was increasingly popular and spread rapidly. 1981 - Japanese television station, NHK, demonstrates HDTV technology with a resolution of 1,125 lines. 1987 - Kodak patents the OLED findings as the first display equipment

Television in the 1990s
 


There have been many television choices in the 1990s that were very diverse. Television that uses CRT (Cathode-Ray Tubes) technology to display images on the screen is the most common television. In 1996 there were 1 million televisions spread throughout the world. Then a Rear Projection CRT TV allows the television to be made in a larger size by combining the projector and screen into one box which the projector will then project the image to the back of the screen.

In 1995 - After decades of research, Larry Weber's plasma screen project finally finished. He succeeded in creating a more stable and brilliant plasma screen. Larry Weber then conducted research with an investment of 26 million US dollars from the Matsushita company.


Plasma television was first marketed in 1997. With its sleek form it made this television very popular at the time. TV Rear-Projection LCoS are also available on the market. This TV sends direct light through a series of polarizers (a type of filter light used to regulate light waves to a single path for reflection) before being enlarged and projected onto the screen. Although the image quality is very good, but the price of this type of TV is very expensive. TC LCD also competed in the late 1990s. This type of TV has better image quality than plasma TVs and is also more energy efficient. In 1998, HDTV was launched. This type of TV can produce images and sounds that are very clear. In 1999, the DVR (Digital Video Recorder) was launched for the first time. DVR allows to record television broadcasts on the hard drive.

2000s



The first DLP HDTV-based LED TV was produced in 2006. DLP technology uses mirrors made of aluminum to reflect light and produce images. This TV is cheaper than a plasma TV or LCD TV. Then Plasma TVs are available in HD (High Definition) quality.

 
In 2007, Apple launched Apple TV. This TV can be connected with iTunes, television programs, movies, Youtube videos and much more.

 

Then Microsoft inc. provides a choice of Windows XP Media Center Edition which can be used to send videos, music and photos from a computer to a TV.
 
Even TVs can also be entered into video games, such as the Xbox 360. Using Netflix allows streaming of videos and favorite TV shows from the Xbox 360.

 
The most recent now is TV with 3D technology. 3D TV is becoming very popular now because besides being able to produce images that are very clear, this type of TV can also display 3-dimensional images so that it looks as if the images produced are real and right in front of the audience.

Such is the development of television from time to time, along with the advancement of technology, television also followed it with rapid development to keep up with consumer demand which is increasingly high.

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