PETROLEUM APPRAISAL & DEVELOPMENT
OVERVIEW
INTRODUCTION
After
completed wildcat drilling we're ready to put the well on production, but first
we need to appraise the field before we start any development. We need to ask
the questions like how much oil is in place in this area? How big are the
boundaries? How many wells are we going to drill? What is the spacing between
the wells? Are they going to be close together or far apart? These are the
questions that we need to answer, so that we can maximize our recovery over a
reasonable mount of time.
Hydrocarbon production
As
we know in Reservoir performance present day technology, does not allow us to
produce 100% (one hundred percent) of the hydrocarbons found in any given
reservoir. For example lighter hydrocarbons with more hydrogen molecules have
higher production rates than heavier ones with more carbon molecules.
HC production is not 100%
Lighter
HC with more hydrogen molecules have higher production rates
Rate of production
Beside
the hydrocarbon properties, other factors affecting the rate of production
might include the types of primary drives found in the reservoir or secondary
drives introduced into the rise of that are used to force the oil to the
surface.
Secondary drive to force the Oil to surface
In
other words the final percentage of hydrocarbons retrieval from a particular
well and reservoirs not only depends on the type and quantity of the reservoirs
hydrocarbon, but also on other factors like viscosity, porosity, permeability
and pressure encountered. That said no
that final percentages of overall production can be greatly increased by good
engineering that includes good planning.
Quantity and Type of Oil and gas
Others factor in Oil and gas production
Good engineering and planning in oil and gas production
Suffice
to say that the opposite is also true, there for causing for a brief period to
run a few more tests in what is known as best practices in field appraisal the
overall productivity on the well and the field can be maximized.
Best practices in field appraisal
The Equipment & Procedures in Field Appraisal and
Development
In
this book we will explain in an illustrates the equipment and procedures
involved in field appraisal and development that will help but we get answers
to the questions just raised at the start of this book.
The equipment & procedures in field appraisal and
development
We’re
needed we’ll highlight the similarities and differences between onshore and
offshore field development. Starting with onshore we’ll described the
equipment, the production tests and procedure used for a field appraisal and
emphasized some factors that must be present if the exploration field is to
become a production field.
Onshore and offshore field development
Onshore equipment, production tests and procedure
The Equipment & Procedures Site Development
Next
will described the equipment and procedures needed for site development of
surface facilities that need to be in place as the fields brought into
production. We’ll discussed this facilities need to be on site and some safety
and economic concerns that might affect the placement of these facilities. In
discussing offshore field appraisals, development and site preparations factors
such as the depth of the water and the intensity of the wind and waves
exclusive to offshore field development will be addressed.
Oil Operations flow chart
Surface facilities on site with safety & economic
concern
Well Work Over Units
We’ll
conclude by looking at well work over units that are designed for wells that
need to be re worked or refitted due to falling rates of production,
illustrating work over units we’ll then explain how these units are used for
various conditions.
Work over units due to falling rates of production
Offshore work over units
Over
all in this book we’ll explore the various methods used to maximize field
development during the time that the field is being appraised and then
produced.
Various methods used to maximize field development
For
further read, you may get the book from amazon.
PETROLEUM APPRAISAL & DEVELOPMENT
OVERVIEW
References:
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