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Senin, 21 Januari 2019

PETROLEUM APPRAISAL & DEVELOPMENT OVERVIEW


PETROLEUM APPRAISAL & DEVELOPMENT OVERVIEW

INTRODUCTION
After completed wildcat drilling we're ready to put the well on production, but first we need to appraise the field before we start any development. We need to ask the questions like how much oil is in place in this area? How big are the boundaries? How many wells are we going to drill? What is the spacing between the wells? Are they going to be close together or far apart? These are the questions that we need to answer, so that we can maximize our recovery over a reasonable mount of time.

Hydrocarbon production
As we know in Reservoir performance present day technology, does not allow us to produce 100% (one hundred percent) of the hydrocarbons found in any given reservoir. For example lighter hydrocarbons with more hydrogen molecules have higher production rates than heavier ones with more carbon molecules.

HC production is not 100%

Lighter HC with more hydrogen molecules have higher production rates

Rate of production
Beside the hydrocarbon properties, other factors affecting the rate of production might include the types of primary drives found in the reservoir or secondary drives introduced into the rise of that are used to force the oil to the surface.

Secondary drive to force the Oil to surface

In other words the final percentage of hydrocarbons retrieval from a particular well and reservoirs not only depends on the type and quantity of the reservoirs hydrocarbon, but also on other factors like viscosity, porosity, permeability and pressure encountered.  That said no that final percentages of overall production can be greatly increased by good engineering that includes good planning.

Quantity and Type of Oil and gas

Others factor in Oil and gas production

Good engineering and planning in oil and gas production

Suffice to say that the opposite is also true, there for causing for a brief period to run a few more tests in what is known as best practices in field appraisal the overall productivity on the well and the field can be maximized.

Best practices in field appraisal

The Equipment & Procedures in Field Appraisal and Development
In this book we will explain in an illustrates the equipment and procedures involved in field appraisal and development that will help but we get answers to the questions just raised at the start of this book.

The equipment & procedures in field appraisal and development

We’re needed we’ll highlight the similarities and differences between onshore and offshore field development. Starting with onshore we’ll described the equipment, the production tests and procedure used for a field appraisal and emphasized some factors that must be present if the exploration field is to become a production field.

Onshore and offshore field development

Onshore equipment, production tests and procedure

The Equipment & Procedures Site Development
Next will described the equipment and procedures needed for site development of surface facilities that need to be in place as the fields brought into production. We’ll discussed this facilities need to be on site and some safety and economic concerns that might affect the placement of these facilities. In discussing offshore field appraisals, development and site preparations factors such as the depth of the water and the intensity of the wind and waves exclusive to offshore field development will be addressed.

Oil Operations flow chart

Surface facilities on site with safety & economic concern

Well Work Over Units
We’ll conclude by looking at well work over units that are designed for wells that need to be re worked or refitted due to falling rates of production, illustrating work over units we’ll then explain how these units are used for various conditions.

Work over units due to falling rates of production


Offshore work over units

Over all in this book we’ll explore the various methods used to maximize field development during the time that the field is being appraised and then produced.

Various methods used to maximize field development

For further read, you may get the book from amazon.

PETROLEUM APPRAISAL & DEVELOPMENT OVERVIEW

https://www.amazon.com/PETROLEUM-APPRAISAL-DEVELOPMENT-OVERVIEW-1/dp/1792600119

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