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Selasa, 15 Januari 2019

CLOCK TECHNOLOGY: HISTORY AND ITS DEVELOPMENT (English Version)


CLOCK TECHNOLOGY: HISTORY AND ITS DEVELOPMENT

HISTORY OF CLOCK AND ITS DEVELOPMENT

In the past before there was technology, people distinguish time only day and night, that is by looking at the sun. But if the weather does not support it like rain, it is cloudy how do people in ancient times know the time? And people in ancient times were able to determine time accurately and precisely. In this article we will discuss the history of the watch and its development.

The term word watch has been used in the 14th century, which comes from the Latin word "clocca". The following is the development of the watch from time to time.

Sun clock

 


Sun clock

The oldest clock is called a Sundial or sun clock. The sun clock was first used around 3,500 BC. This clock shows the time based on the position of the sun, the way that is by using shadows that fall on a flat surface which is then marked with hours in one day. But what if the sky is cloudy or rainy, then the clock will not function

 Calendar obelisk

Egyptian society in the years 5,000-6,000 years ago measured time and made calendars using obelisks.

Sand clock
 


The world's first sand clock

This sand clock is made of tubular glass which narrows in the middle and filled with fine sand in it, time is measured based on the volume of sand flowing down slowly. According to some hourglass experts were created in Alexandria around the middle of the third century. Another opinion, the first hourglass is expected to appear in 1338 based on Allegory of Good Government paintings from Ambrogio Lorenzetti Jam Pasir first appeared around 1400 BC, this was concluded from the discovery of an object in the Amenhoterp I grave, a relic of a small vessel containing water that has a hole in the part below that is useful for dripping water.

Water clock
Egyptians are known for their high culture and intellectuals compared to other societies in other places. Water clocks were found in Egypt and were named clepsydra (kleph-sur-druh), in 1400 BC.



Water clock

A Muslim scientist named al-Jazari has created a clock that is different from before this hour already using a mechanical device, this clock is called a water clock because it uses water power to move a mechanical device.
 
Thanks to his mechanical abilities, al-Jazari is noted to be able to assemble several types of water clocks. "One of them, a hydropower clock one meter high and one and a half meters wide. The clock was successfully reconstructed at the Science Museum in 1976," Donald Routledge Hill said in his A History of Engineering in Classical and Medieval Times. Al-Jazari also able to make water clocks in the form of elephants. In fact, the clock made by al-Jazari was able to produce sound. In al-Jazari's manuscript, the watch is the earliest clock that uses a flow regulator, a closed-hole system and an automatic like a bird watch.

This clock is the first hour with automatic reactions in time intervals. This clock uses a human (humanoid) robot that collides with claws and a mechanical bird robot automatically whistles.

This water clock is also known as the first clock that can record time accurately to match the length of unequal days throughout the year Jam al-Jazari is full of ideas and techniques that are important to the history of machine design.






Water clock

Analog clock
Then found an analog clock that has a working principle that is almost the same as a water clock but in a smaller size. The analog clock has a needle in the middle and rotates continuously in time, the analog clock uses a spring principle and a combination of gear in it is moved by a battery that functions as its driving force, as we still use today, for example wall clocks.

Analog clock


Digital clock
The clock continues to evolve from time to time looking for a better and more accurate form of technological development where everything has been made in digital form and many people have abandoned analog technology and switched to digital technology so that digital clocks were created which were refinements of analog and first clocks was produced by the company The Hamilton Watch Co. of Lancarter in Pennsylvania in the 1950s, the clock was used using a microcontoller in it which had been given a series of up-counting systems that were a simple digital circuit and used the working principle of a rising enumerator whose power worked with asynchronous way. Namely the counter that is on the opposite end is used to indicate the number one of the seconds originating from the source of the beat, then the enumerator is then triggered by the previous enumerator so that it can display time in the form of numbers.



Digital clock

As time went on, in the 1950s Digital clock was first created by The Hamilton Watch Co. of Lancaster, Pennsylvania, this is the company that first made an electric / digital watch. After that came several well-known brands of watches to date.



R*lex-james-bond

R * lex clock is one of the most famous brands in the world, this watch became very famous when the emergence of the 007 James Bond film 'On Her Majesty's Secret Service' in 1969. In a scene, Bond, played by George Lazenby wearing a clock r * Lex Oyster in various actions. Because it is very popular, a r * lex watch designed specifically for women is known as the R * lex Oyster Datejust Lady made of stainless steel with two datejust buttons, diamond-studded, and waterproof.



GB-X6900B-1_1677rbGGB-X6900B-1_1677rbG

Sh * ock is another well-known brand in the world. This GSh * ock watch is a manufacturer from Casio. His debut began in 1983 and until now the GSh * ock watch is very popular with Hollywood artists. As many enthusiasts, Casio produces Baby G as a companion of GSh * ock. until the 1990s, the G-SH * OCK and BABY-G line became popular, especially by celebrities such as Kanye West, Gabe Kling, Matt Hammer, Spike Lee, Lil 'Wayne, Jordin Sparks, Lady Gaga and Nick Cannon on the red carpet, video clips, to the fashion events they attended. Unique design with a variety of colors.



ODM clock

The designs are original, unique, and not easily imitated, making ODMs in great demand today, especially among teenagers. This digital watch has become a new breakthrough especially for the world of clock design and timekeeping, starting from the way it is used which resembles a bracelet and material made of silicon. In addition, the colors that resemble jelly are very attractive, and can be used by girls or boys (unisex watch).

In this era of modern life, watches have become important accessories in the daily activities of everyone's lives. When the technology is not as sophisticated as it is today, watches are the single most efficient pointing device in the midst of busy daily activities. Although there are now gadgets to show time, still the role of watches cannot be shifted. Both men and women need wristwatch accessories to appear neater and elegant in public, especially by using branded watches and original watches. Let's look at what are the benefits, uses and benefits of using a watch:

1. Efficient Timers
Although there are now gadgets to show time, the role of the watch as the most efficient timepiece cannot be moved. We can check the time faster with a watch without having to remove the gadget from the pocket first.

2. Looks more elegant
Now the assessment of other people is usually first seen from the appearance and neatness of the person. By using a watch, someone will look neater, more elegant in the eyes of others. Someone who uses a watch will look like they have a busy life.

3. Higher social status
By using an original watch, a branded watch, or someone's expensive watch will look higher in rank than others.

4. Increase self-confidence
Shown with neatness and original watches make you appear more confident and excited in daily activities.

5. Set the time more regularly
By using a watch, you will be more organized to check the time so that it is easier and more accustomed to managing the time for daily activities.


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